GENDER PARITY POLICY IN THE PUBLIC SERVICE SYSTEM IN NORTH AMERICA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51989/NUL.2024.1.19Keywords:
public service, service law, gender parity, gender policy, gender quotas, gender equality.Abstract
The article is devoted to the study of gender parity policy in the public service system in North America. Particular attention is paid to the United States of America and Canada. The article characterizes and describes the historical development of gender policy in these countries. Dependencies, patterns and determinants that may affect the state of gender parity in a particular region are analyzed. The author analyzes the laws and other regulations of the national legislation of North American countries that regulate issues related to gender parity, non-discrimination and access to public service. The author examined the gender ratio of public administration representatives in various positions in North America. The author analyzes the institutional system of North American countries and identifies the bodies and officials authorized to implement, monitor and supervise compliance with gender policy. The positions of the representatives of the United States and Canada on the introduction and application of gender quotas for access to leadership positions are analyzed and summarized. The sources of the state gender policy formation in the United States of America were analyzed and highlighted. Particular attention is paid to non-governmental organizations as an important factor that has a significant impact on public policy in this area. Based on the study, it was found that the number of women in parliaments does not necessarily demonstrate a high level of gender parity in this region. It was also found that the application of gender quotas in access to public service does not necessarily have the desired and envisaged by the state policy consequences. The author describes different approaches to gender policy, analyzes successes and challenges in this area.
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