THEORETICAL VIEWS ON THE PROBLEMS OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY PREVENTION IN UKRAINE

Abstract

In the article the author considers theoretical views on the problems of juvenile delinquency prevention in Ukraine. It is pointed out that criminological and criminal-legal measures and means of combating criminally illegal activity of children should be used only in close interdependence, because only in this case the desired result can be achieved in the form of re-education of deviant adolescents. The author points out the lack of full-fledged scientific works that would solve the problem of juvenile victimhood, which may be due to the fact that the child’s psyche is not fully formed, and therefore it is difficult to fully investigate and predict probable behavior in a given situation. It is noted that the works dedicated to juvenile justice are valuable, as the latter in Ukraine is just beginning to develop rapidly, but somewhat not as in foreign countries. Our state is mostly focused on protecting the rights and freedoms of juvenile offenders, forgetting that the essence of juvenile justice is to protect the interests of all children, regardless of the situation in which they find themselves. The author points out that the problem of public participation in the prevention of juvenile delinquency is increasingly appearing in the works of scientists. This can be explained by the desire to find new ones, or to give a second life to forgotten criminal law measures and means. There is a skeptical position on the effectiveness of the institution of public educator, as very rarely an outsider who does not have the appropriate education, skills and abilities is able to re-educate a deviant child. It is concluded that juvenile delinquency is currently a well-studied phenomenon, which can be explained by the desire of scientists to positively influence its steadily growing rate. However, to date there are a number of issues that have not been fully explored: 1) the determination of juvenile criminal activity; 2) the person of a juvenile criminal offender; 3) the limits of criminal liability and punishment of minors, etc.