THE CHERNOBYL EXCLUSION ZONE AS AN OBJECT OF CRIMINAL LAW PROTECTION

Abstract

The article is devoted to the criminal-legal study of the current problems of illegal entry into the territory of the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone. The results of the analysis of the current legislation allow us to determine the legal status of the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, its boundaries, regulations and other issues that are subject to special regulatory and legal regulation. Based on the analysis of criminal legislation, norms that are directly aimed at the criminal-legal protection of the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone are identified. Therefore, the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone is studied as an object of criminal-legal protection. Given the judicial practice and general trends that can be observed in modern society, in particular the youth strata of the community, a number of risks are identified that to one degree or another pose a threat to national and international security in the context of the radioecological regime. The focus is on describing the characteristic features of illegal entry as a socially dangerous phenomenon that poses a threat to both the ecological and radiation safety of the state. Within the framework of this study, a criminal-legal characteristic of violating the requirements of the radiation safety regime is provided. In addition, the paper analyzes the current legislation and legislative initiatives aimed at strengthening legal liability for offenses that encroach on the legal regime of the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone. At the same time, the article focuses on the need to criminalize acts aimed at illegal entry into the exclusion zone or the zone of unconditional (mandatory) resettlement without the provision of a permit provided for by law or unauthorized settlement in them, or the destruction, damage or transfer of signs of radiation contamination or fencing of the specified zones. This initiative is quite justified, since the criminalization of the relevant acts is intended not only to ensure the inevitability of punishment for violations of the established radiation safety regime, but also to perform an important preventive function. It will contribute to both individual prevention of offenses and general social prevention of violations of the requirements of the radiation safety regime.Along with this, the introduction of more effective criminal law mechanisms in this area will have a positive impact on both the formation of legal awareness of the population and will contribute to increasing the level of ensuring radioecological safety in the state.