PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF VERBAL AND NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION IN OPERATIONAL AND INVESTIGATIVE ACTIVITY

Abstract

In modern conditions of complication of operational and search activities, growth of social tension and information load on law enforcement officers, communicative interaction acquires special importance. Verbal and non-verbal communication are not only means of transmitting information, but also key tools of influence, psychological diagnostics and formation of trust between participants in legal relations. In this regard, there is a need for a thorough study of the psychological aspects of communication in the activities of employees of operational units. The purpose of the article was to identify the psychological features of verbal and non- verbal communication in the law enforcement environment, determine the factors that affect the effectiveness of interpersonal interaction during operational-search activities, analyze typical communicative errors, and develop practical recommendations for improving the psychological competence of employees. Methods. The study used a complex of general scientific and special methods: logical-analytical (for processing scientific sources), a systematic approach (for generalizing factors of communicative influence), psychological modeling (for identifying typical errors and consequences), as well as elements of content analysis and classification of communicative situations in the operational environment. Results. In the process of the study, the essence of verbal and non-verbal communication within the framework of law enforcement activities was analyzed, key individual and situational factors that affect the quality of interpersonal interaction were identified, and the psychological significance of non-verbal signals in the process of assessing the reliability of information was characterized. Typical errors in the communicative behavior of employees of operational units are identified and their negative psychological consequences are determined. Structured practical recommendations are proposed for the formation of psychological literacy of law enforcement officers, which include theoretical training, training programs, development of active listening skills, self-regulation and communicative reflection. Psychologically competent communication is a critical factor in successful operational and investigative activities. Understanding the psychological nature of verbal and non-verbal manifestations, the ability of an operative to adapt his own behavior to the situational context and avoid typical communicative errors are important conditions for effective professional interaction.